With the continuous development of society and the improvement of living standards and urban modernization, families and public places have entered the era of "electrification". In order to keep the family safe and avoid the misfortune caused by fire, household fire extinguishers should become necessary for fire prevention. Common fire extinguishers on the market are dry powder fire extinguishers and water-based fire extinguishers; How should we choose household fire extinguishers?
Composition of dry powder extinguishing agent:
Dry powder extinguishing agent is the material that can play the main role in extinguishing fire. Main components of dry powder extinguishing agent: K2CO3, KHCO3, NaCl, KCl, (NH4) 2SO4, NH4HSO4, NaHCO3, K4Fe (CN) 6 · 3H2O, Na2CO3, etc. Dry powder extinguishers produced by domestic fire extinguisher manufacturers include ammonium phosphate, sodium bicarbonate, sodium chloride and potassium chloride.
Fire extinguishing principle of dry powder extinguisher:
The ammonium phosphate dry powder extinguishant is loaded inside the dry powder extinguisher, which mainly depends on the volatile decomposition of inorganic salts in the dry powder, chemical inhibition and negative catalysis with the free radicals or active groups generated by the fuel in the combustion process, so that the combustion chain reaction is interrupted and the extinguisher
The powder of the dry powder extinguisher falls on the surface of the combustor, causing chemical reaction, and forms a glassy covering layer under the action of high temperature, so as to isolate the incoming oxygen and carry out the asphyxiation extinguisher.
The advantages and disadvantages of dry powder fire extinguisher are economical and cheap, which is the best choice for factory procurement. Mainly for fire acceptance inspection, the applicable temperature range of dry powder extinguisher is - 20 ℃ to 55 ℃, which pollutes the environment to a certain extent and is not environmentally friendly, so it is not recommended for domestic use.
Composition of water-based extinguishing agent:
The mechanism of water-based fire extinguisher is physical fire extinguisher principle. The fire extinguishing agent is mainly composed of hydrocarbon surfactant, fluorocarbon surfactant, flame retardant and additives. The sprayed fire extinguishing agent is liquid and can penetrate into the interior of the combustor. Even if the fire is large and cannot be extinguished, other agent spraying parts can effectively block the fire source and control the spread of the fire.
Advantages and disadvantages of water-based fire extinguishers
The advantages of water-based fire extinguishers are safety and environmental protection. They are widely used. They are the best choice for domestic water-based fire extinguishers and vehicle mounted water-based fire extinguishers, and their prices are more than 3 times higher than those of dry powder fire extinguishers. There are certain requirements for service temperature. In case of ordinary fire from 0 ° to 55 °, the extinguishing agent in the extinguisher can be sprayed on clothes or face to reduce skin damage.
